Digital Electronics

Digital circuits are commonly available in two families: transistor-transistor logic (TTL) and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS). There are other families, such as emitter-coupled logic (ECL), but they are not as widely used. TTL devices are based on the bipolar junction transistor technology, while CMOS devices are based on the FET transistor technology. Table 1 shows […]

The logic gates are the building blocks of digital circuits. A logic gate has one output, but one or more inputs. The output signal appears only for certain combinations of input signals. There are three basic logic gates:  Each logic gate is indicated by a logical symbol and its function is described either by a